Kutha kwamphamvu kwa Mauthenga: Kutulutsa ndi kusanthula kwamphamvu

Kumvetsetsa Kutulutsa

Mitundu ya Kuchulukitsa

Ponyani chitsulo

Penyani chitsulo cha chitsulo chimapereka chibwibwi komanso mphamvu yotsika mtengo. Izi zimamveka zopirira kutentha kwambiri ndikupewa kusokoneza. Komabe, kulemera kwawo kwamphamvu kumatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito. Tulutsani chitsulo cha chitsulo nthawi zambiri chimawoneka ngati mitundu ya magalimoto okalamba kapena odziwa bajeti.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimafalikira pakati pa mphamvu ndi kulemera. Izi zimachitika zimakana kuwonongedwa ndikumakhala ndi umphumphu mu zinthu zoopsa. Kulemera kowala kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kumasintha mphamvu yonse. Magalimoto ambiri amakono amagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga chosapanga dzimbiri.

Tubulartal

Tubrulamu kusinthika, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti mitu, imakhala ndi mapaipi amodzi pa silinda iliyonse. Mapaipi awa amatembenuka kukhala oterera limodzi. Tubular tulds amalimbikitsidwakutuluka kwa mpweyandikuchepetsa. Okonda magwiridwe antchito nthawi zambiri amakonda ma tubular kuti atuluke kuti athe kulimbikitsa mphamvu.

Ntchito ndi kapangidwe

Udindo wa Mphamvu Mwaluso

Kutulutsa kochulukitsa kumathandizira gawo lofunikira kwambiri mu ntchito yothandiza kwambiri. Mapangidwe oyenera amatsimikizira mpweya wosalala wotuluka kuchokera ku masiliti a injini ku dongosolo lotha. Kutulutsa kwa mpweya wabwino kumachepetsa zobisika, zomwe zimawonjezera injini zamagetsi ndi chuma chamafuta. Kuchulukitsa kumathandizanso kusamalira kutentha kwa injini powongolera mpweya wotentha kutali ndi injini.

Malingaliro

Kupanga zochulukitsa kumaphatikizapo kuganizira zambiri. Akatswiri ayenera kuwerengera mawonekedwe ndi kutalika kwa mapaipi angapo. Kutalika kwa chitoliro choyenerera ndi mainchesi onetsetsani kuti mpweya wabwino umayenda ndikuchepetsa chipwirikiti. Chizindikirocho chikuyeneranso kukhala ndi injini ya injinisa popanda kusokoneza ndi zinthu zina. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe kake kumayenera kuthandizira kukhazikitsa kosavuta ndi kukonza.

Kusankha Zinthu

Kusankha zinthu zakuthupi kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri zopilira zipsinjo zamafuta ndi makina. Tengani chitsulo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi ma tunsola omwe amapereka maubwino apadera. Chitsulo chimapereka mkwiyo, pomwe chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka mphamvu ndi kulemera. Tubsular Sourts imawonjezera magwiridwe antchito kudzera pakuyenda kwa mpweya wotsika. Akatswiri ayenera kusankha zinthu zoyenera kutengera zofunikira zagalimoto.

Kusanthula kwa Efffs

Mitundu ya zotuluka

Carbon monoxide (Co)

Mafomu a monotrobide pakatha kusakwanira mafuta. Mpweya uwu umabweretsa zoopsa zaumoyo, kuphatikiza mutu ndi chizungulire. Kutulutsa kwatsopano kumayenera kuthetseratu kwamphamvu kwambiri kuti muchepetse mpweya. Mapangidwe oyenera ndi kusankha njira amasewera maudindo ofunikira pakuchepetsa milingo.

Hydrocarbons (hc)

Hydrocarbons imadza chifukwa cha mafuta osasunthika omwe amathamanga mchipinda choluka. Izi zimathandizira kuti zisungunuke komanso kupuma. Makina otulutsa a Dermation a Exald amasokoneza kuti injini ithe. Zojambula zotsimikizika zimathandizira kuchepetsa zotulukapo za HC ndikuwonetsetsa bwino mpweya wotuluka.

Nitrogen oxides (nox)

Nitrogeni ma oxides pamtundu wapamwamba. Mipweya iyi imapangitsa kuti mavuto azikhalidwe ndi zaumoyo, kuphatikiza mvula ya asidi ndi matenda opatsirana. Kutulutsa kwamphamvu kumapangitsa kuti NOX Aimake chifukwa cha kuwongolera kutentha. Mapangidwe ogwira ntchito amathandizira kusunga kutentha kochepa, potero kuchepetsa mapangidwe a nox.

Zovuta zothetsera zotulukapo

Kapangidwe kake

Mapangidwe a kutulutsa magazi kumakhudza mwachindunji mpweya. Chizindikiro chopangidwa bwino chimawoneka bwino chimawoneka bwino mpweya wotuluka, umachepetsa zopondera ndikuwongolera zosintha. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kutiZopanga zopanga zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito by Kuchepetsa. Kuyenda bwino kwa mpweya kumabweretsa kutsika kwa co, HC, ndi Nox.

Mphamvu zakuthupi

Kusankha zinthu zakuthupi kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito yomwe imagwira.Ponya chitsulo ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiriZinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mwa Manland. Vesi chitsulo chimapereka chikhazikitso koma chitha kuwonjezera kulemera. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka malire pakati pa mphamvu ndi kulemera, kukulitsa mphamvu zambiri. Zipangizo zonsezi zimayenera kupirira zipsinjo zamafuta ndi zamakina kuti zisunge magwiridwe antchito abwino ndikuchepetsa mpweya.

Kuwongolera kutentha

Kuyang'anira kutentha kumasemphana ndi udindo wowongolera. Kuchulukitsa kumayenera kupusitsa kuti muchepetse kutentha kwambiri. Kutentha kwambiri kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa ma nox. Makina oyang'anira kutentha amathandizira kukhala ndi kutentha kochepa, potero kuchepetsa nox mpweya. Zipangizo zapamwamba ndi zokutira zimatha kukulitsa luso la kuchuluka kwa kuwongolera.

Kusanthula kwamphamvu

Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Mphamvu Zamphamvu

Kutulutsa mphamvu

Mphamvu yotuluka imayamba kugwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri pa ntchito zamakina. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ochulukitsa kumathandizirana mwachindunji ndi mpweya wabwino wothira bwino. Chizindikiro chopangidwa bwino chimawoneka chosalala komanso mpweya wachangu, kusokoneza. Izi zimapangitsa kupuma kwamasudzo bwino ndikutulutsa magetsi. Akatswiri nthawi zambiri amasangalala ndi mawonekedwe ndi kutalika kwa mapaipi a Diedel kuti akwaniritse mawonekedwe abwino.

Chogonjetsedwa

Kubwerera zakumbuyo kumatanthauza kukana komwe kumapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale ndi injini. Kubweza kwambiri kumalepheretsa injini ya injini poletsa kutuluka. Ma Actrice Offices akukonzekerakuchepa kwamphamvu kukana, potero kuwonjezereka voliyumu ya injini. Kutsika kotsika kumathandizira injini kuti itulutse mpweya wabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithandizike m'manja. AKutulutsa kwatsopano kwatsopanoZojambula nthawi zambiri zimayang'ana kwambiri pakuchepetsa backpsereure kuti ithandizire injini.

Kusungidwa kutentha

Kutentha kwa kutentha mkati mwakutulutsa kumakhudza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa injini ndi kutulutsa mphamvu. Kutentha kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumachepetsa injini. Kuyendetsa bwino kutentha kumathandizira kukhala ndi kutentha koyenera. Zida zapamwamba ndi zokutira mu zomanga Zapamwamba zimatha kukulitsa kutentha kwa kutentha. Kusungidwa koyenera kutentha kumatsimikizira kuti injiniyo imagwira ntchito m'malo mwake kutentha kwake, kukulitsa mphamvu zotulutsa.

Kuyesedwa kwa magwiridwe antchito

Dyno kuyezetsa

Dyno kuyezetsa kumapereka malo olamulidwa kuti ayese magwiridwe antchito otulutsa. Akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito drodannamometer kuti angoyang'ana kuyendetsa zinthu padziko lonse lapansi. Njira yoyeserayi imayesa zotsatira za zomwe zimachitika mphamvu zamagetsi, torque, ndi mphamvu yamafuta. Dyno kuyesedwa kumapereka deta Yabwino, kupangitsa mainjiniya kuti apangitse zisankho zanzeru pazinthu zopangidwa ndi kusankha kwa zinthu.

Kuyesa zenizeni padziko lapansi

Kuyesa Kwadziko Lonse Lapansi Kukwaniritsa Dyno Kuyesa mwa kuwunika kuwunika komwe kumapangitsa kuti muyendetse mayendedwe enieni. Akatswiri akatswiri amawunika momwe mafotokozedwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, monga momwe mzinda umayendera, kukhazikika kwambiri, komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu, komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu. Kuyesedwa kwenikweni kwa dziko kumathandizira kuzindikira zovuta zilizonse zomwe sizingaoneke m'malo olamulidwa. Njira zokwanira izi zimatsimikizira kuti kuperewera kwatsopano kumayenderana mosasinthasintha magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana.

Kusanthula Kofananira

Kusanthula kofananira kumaphatikizapo kuwunikira zopanga zingapo zotulutsa zingapo zotulutsa kuti mudziwe zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziyendere magetsi. Akatswiri oyerekeza zinthu monga mphamvu zochulukitsa, zobisika, komanso kusungidwa kutentha. Kusanthula kumeneku kumathandiza kudziwa mapangidwe othandiza kwambiri omwe amathandizira injini. Poyerekeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mainjiniya amatha kudziwa mphamvu ndi zofooka za kapangidwe kake. Izi zimabweretsa kukonzanso kwaukadaulo kwatsopano.

Zovuta ndi zomwe zikuchitika mtsogolo

Zida zapamwamba

Maonekedwe a Ceramic

Zovala zadongo zatuluka ngati kupita patsogolo kwakukulu muukadaulo wowonjezera. Zovala izi zimaperekanso zokutira zabwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa kutentha kupita kumayiko ozungulira injini. Kusunthika kumeneku kumathandiza kuti mukhale ndi kutentha kwa injini, kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Zovala zadongo zimaperekanso kukana kwakukulu kufesa ndi kuvala, kuonetsetsa kulimba kwa kutulutsa kochulukitsa. Akatswiri opanga magalimoto amawonjezeka kwambiri ndi zolumbirira za ceramic kuti ukhale wothandiza komanso kudalirika kwa makina otopetsa.

Zipangizo Zophatikizika

Zipangizo zophatikizira zimayimira njira ina yatsopano mu kapangidwe kotulutsa. Zipangizozi zimaphatikiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti mukwaniritse mphamvu, kulemera, komanso kuponya mafuta. Mwachitsanzo, mabasi ophatikizira amakangani amapereka ma ratios olemera kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino pogwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zophatikizika kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri kwa kutulutsa kochulukitsa, kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yamagetsi ikhale yothandiza komanso kugwira ntchito. AChitsulo chodzipepuka chopepukaPhunziro lamagetsiadawonetsa kuti bwino kwambiri pazitsulo zoseweretsa zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndikuwunikira zabwino za zida zapamwamba zazinthu zapamwamba.

Kupanga Zosanja

Zosintha za geometry zowonjezera

Zosintha za geometry zowonjezera (VGM) zikuyimira Flemiral-Prompterve-Prompterve-Phiri lamagetsi. VGMs imasintha mawonekedwe ndi kutalika kwa mapaipi a Diads kutengera zofunikira za injini. Kusintha kumeneku kumalimbikitsa mpweya wotuluka, kumachepetsa matenda obwerera komanso kukulitsa injini. VGMS imatha kusintha mphamvu yamafuta ndikuchepetsa mpweya mwa kukhalabe ndi Mphamvu Yovuta Kwambiri Kuyendetsa Pagalimoto zosiyanasiyana. Opanga zamagetsi amafufuza za VGMS kuti mukwaniritse malamulo ophatikizidwa ndi zomwe mukufuna.

Zophatikizira zotembenuzira

Kuphatikiza ma calytic otembenuka mwachindunji mwazomwe zimaperekedwa kumapereka zabwino zingapo. Kapangidwe kameneka kumachepetsa mtunda womwe mpweya wamagetsi umayenda asanafike ku Convertic, kukonza luso la mpweya. Kuphatikiza kwa othandizira othandizira kumathandizira kukwaniritsa nthawi yowala mwachangu, kuchepetsa zoyambira zoyambira. Kuphatikiza uku kumathandizanso dongosolo lamagetsi, kuchepetsa kulemera ndi zovuta. Magalimoto ambiri amakono tsopano akuphatikiza otembenuza a catalytic kuti akwaniritse miyezo yachilengedwe mukamagwira ntchito yayitali.

Kusanthula kumawunikira gawo lovuta kwambiri la ntchito yotulutsa ndi kusankha kwa zinthu zakuthupi pakukonza injini ndikuchepetsa mpweya. Zopeza zazikulu zimawonetsa kuti zida zapamwamba ngati chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi zopangira za ceramic zimalimbikitsa kulimba ndi kuchita bwino. Kupanga Zopanda Zosiyanasiyana monga geometry geometry kumveketsa ndikuphatikiza otembenuza a caltalytic kuti apititsetse mafuta.

Kupititsa patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndipoKusintha Zokonda Ogulakuyendetsa bwino kwambiri pamakampani agalimoto.Njira zomata zamagetsiNdipo zoyeserera zoyendetsa zimatha kuchepetsa mpweya, zimathandizira kuti chilengedwe chikhale chofunikira kwambiri. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo amayenera kuyang'ana zopepuka zopepuka ndi zopangira kuti akwaniritse zowongolera zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zofuna za ntchito.