Imikorere ya Manifold Imikorere: Ibyuka bihumanya hamwe nisesengura ryibisohoka

Sobanukirwa na Manifolds

Ubwoko bwa Manifolds

Shira ibyuma bya Manifolds

Gukoresha ibyuma byinshi biramba kandi biramba. Izi mpinduramatwara zihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi zikarwanya gucika. Ariko, uburemere bwabo burashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kumikorere yimodoka. Ibyuma bikozwe mucyuma bikunze kugaragara muburyo bwimodoka ishaje cyangwa yingengo yimari.

Ibyuma bitagira umwanda

Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bitanga uburinganire hagati yimbaraga nuburemere. Izi mpinduramatwara zirwanya ruswa kandi zigakomeza ubusugire bwimiterere mubihe bikabije. Uburemere bworoshye bwibyuma bidafite ingese butezimbere imikorere yimodoka muri rusange. Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha ibyuma bidafite ingese kugirango zongere imikorere.

Tubular Manifolds

Ibibyimba byinshi, bizwi kandi nk'imitwe, bigizwe n'imiyoboro ya buri silinderi. Iyi miyoboro ihurira hamwe mukusanya umwe. Tubular manifolds nzizaimyuka ya gazeno kugabanya igitutu. Abakunda imikorere bakunda guhitamo tubular kubushobozi bwabo bwo kongera ingufu.

Imikorere nigishushanyo

Uruhare mu gukora neza moteri

Imyuka myinshi ifite uruhare runini mugukora moteri. Igishushanyo mbonera gikora neza gazi isohoka neza kuva muri moteri ya moteri ikagera kuri sisitemu yo gusohora. Gazi ikora neza igabanya umuvuduko ukabije, wongera imikorere ya moteri nubukungu bwa peteroli. Imyuka myinshi kandi ifasha gucunga ubushyuhe bwa moteri mu kuyobora imyuka ishyushye kure ya moteri.

Ibishushanyo mbonera

Gushushanya ibintu byinshi birimo ibintu byinshi byingenzi. Ba injeniyeri bagomba kubara imiterere n'uburebure bw'imiyoboro myinshi. Uburebure bukwiye hamwe na diameter byemeza neza gazi nziza kandi bigabanya imivurungano. Multifold igomba kandi guhuza moteri ya moteri itabangamiye ibindi bice. Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo kigomba koroshya kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga.

Guhitamo Ibikoresho

Guhitamo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yumuriro mwinshi. Ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge birwanya guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe nubukanishi. Shira ibyuma, ibyuma bidafite ingese, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera gitanga inyungu zidasanzwe. Ibyuma bikozwe neza bitanga igihe kirekire, mugihe ibyuma bidafite ingese bitanga impirimbanyi nimbaraga. Ibibyimba byinshi byongera imikorere binyuze muri gazi nziza. Ba injeniyeri bagomba guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye bashingiye kubisabwa byimodoka.

Isesengura ry’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere

Ubwoko bw'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere

Carbone Monoxide (CO)

Carbone monoxide ikora mugihe cyo gutwika bituzuye. Iyi gaze itera ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima, harimo kubabara umutwe no kuzunguruka. Imyuka isohoka igomba gukoresha neza imyuka ya gaze kugirango igabanye imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Igishushanyo mbonera no guhitamo ibikoresho bigira uruhare runini mukugabanya urwego rwa CO.

Hydrocarbone (HC)

Hydrocarbone ituruka kuri lisansi idacanwa ihunga icyumba cyaka. Ibi bikoresho bigira uruhare mubibazo byumwotsi nubuhumekero. Igishushanyo mbonera cyinshi kigira ingaruka kubushobozi bwa moteri yo gutwika burundu. Ibishushanyo mbonera bifasha kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere hifashishijwe uburyo bwiza bwo gutembera neza.

Oxide ya Azote (NOx)

Okiside ya azote ikora ubushyuhe bwinshi. Iyi myuka itera ibibazo by ibidukikije nubuzima, harimo imvura ya aside nindwara zubuhumekero. Imyuka myinshi isohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere binyuze mu micungire yubushyuhe. Ibishushanyo bifatika bifasha kugumana ubushyuhe buke bwo gutwikwa, bityo bikagabanya imiterere ya NOx.

Ingaruka zumunaniro mwinshi kuri myuka

Igishushanyo mbonera

Igishushanyo mbonera cyinshi kigira ingaruka zitaziguye. Igikoresho cyateguwe neza cyerekana gazi isohoka neza, kugabanya umuvuduko ukabije no kunoza umuriro. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana koibishushanyo mbonera byongera imikorere by Kugabanuka. Kunoza gazi biganisha ku myuka ihumanya ya CO, HC, na NOx.

Ingaruka y'ibikoresho

Guhitamo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya moteri.Fata ibyuma nicyumani ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mubwubatsi butandukanye. Ibyuma bitanga uburebure ariko birashobora kongera ibiro. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bitanga uburinganire hagati yimbaraga nuburemere, byongera imikorere muri rusange. Ibikoresho byombi bigomba guhangana nubushyuhe nubushyuhe bwo gukomeza gukora neza no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.

Gucunga Ubushyuhe

Gucunga ubushyuhe bigira uruhare runini mugucunga ibyuka bihumanya. Umwuka mwinshi ugomba gusohora neza ubushyuhe kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe bukabije. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butera kwiyongera kwa NOx. Gucunga neza ubushyuhe bifasha kugumana ubushyuhe buke bwo gutwikwa, bityo bikagabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Ibikoresho bigezweho hamwe na coatings birashobora kongera ubushobozi bwa manifold yo gucunga ubushyuhe.

Isesengura ry'amashanyarazi

Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumashanyarazi

Umuyoboro wuzuye

Imyuka yimyuka igira uruhare runini mumikorere ya moteri. Igishushanyo mbonera cyimyuka ihindura muburyo butaziguye uburyo imyuka isohoka neza isohoka moteri. Ibishushanyo mbonera byakozwe neza bituma gazi igenda neza kandi yihuse, bigabanya imivurungano. Ibi bivamo kunoza moteri ihumeka no kongera ingufu zisohoka. Ba injeniyeri bakunze guhuza imiterere nuburebure bwimiyoboro myinshi kugirango bagere kubintu byiza biranga.

Gusubira inyuma

Gusubira inyuma bivuga kurwanya imyuka myuka ihura nayo iyo isohotse kuri moteri. Gusubira inyuma cyane birashobora kubangamira imikorere ya moteri mukugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi. Imikorere yuzuye imitwe igamijekugabanya kurwanya, bityo byongera moteri ya volumetricike. Kwisubiraho hasi bituma moteri yirukana imyuka ihumanya neza, biganisha ku nyungu ziva mumashanyarazi. Uwitekaibyubatswe bishya byuzuyeibishushanyo akenshi byibanda kugabanya kugabanya imbaraga kugirango moteri yongere imikorere.

Kugumana Ubushyuhe

Kugumana ubushyuhe muri moteri nyinshi bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya moteri no gusohora ingufu. Ubushyuhe bukabije burashobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwaka cyane, bushobora kugabanya imikorere ya moteri. Gucunga neza ubushyuhe bifasha kugumana ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukora. Ibikoresho bigezweho hamwe nuburinganire mubwubatsi bwinshi birashobora kongera ubushyuhe. Kugumana ubushyuhe bukwiye byemeza ko moteri ikora mubipimo byubushyuhe bwiza, bikagabanya ingufu nyinshi.

Kwipimisha Imikorere

Ikizamini cya Dyno

Igeragezwa rya Dyno ritanga ibidukikije bigenzurwa kugirango bipime imikorere yumuriro mwinshi. Ba injeniyeri bakoresha dinometero kugirango bigane imiterere-nyayo yo gutwara. Ubu buryo bwo gupima busuzuma ingaruka za manifold ku bisohoka ingufu, torque, hamwe na peteroli. Ikizamini cya Dyno gitanga amakuru yukuri, ashoboza injeniyeri gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubijyanye nigishushanyo mbonera no guhitamo ibikoresho.

Kwipimisha kwisi

Igeragezwa-ryukuri ryuzuza ibizamini bya dyno mugusuzuma ibyuka byinshi mubihe nyabyo byo gutwara. Ba injeniyeri basuzuma uburyo manifold ikora mubihe bitandukanye, nko gutwara umujyi, kugenda mumihanda, no kwihuta gukabije. Igerageza-nyaryo rifasha kumenya ibibazo byose bishobora kutagaragara mubidukikije. Ubu buryo bwuzuye bwemeza ko umuyaga mwinshi utanga imikorere ihamye mubihe bitandukanye byo gutwara.

Isesengura rigereranya

Isesengura rigereranya ririmo gusuzuma ibishushanyo mbonera bitandukanye kugirango umenye ingaruka zabyo. Ba injeniyeri bagereranya ibintu nkibintu bitembera neza, gusubira inyuma, no kugumana ubushyuhe. Isesengura rifasha kumenya ibishushanyo bifatika byo kuzamura imikorere ya moteri. Mugereranije ibintu bitandukanye, injeniyeri zirashobora kwerekana imbaraga nintege nke za buri gishushanyo. Iyi nzira iganisha ku gukomeza gutera imbere no guhanga udushya mu buhanga bwa tekinoroji.

Udushya hamwe n'ibizaza

Ibikoresho bigezweho

Ceramic

Ceramic coatings yagaragaye nkiterambere ryibanze muburyo bwa tekinoroji. Iyi myenda itanga ubushyuhe bwiza bwumuriro, igabanya ihererekanyabubasha ryibice bya moteri ikikije. Iyi insulation ifasha kugumana ubushyuhe bwiza bwa moteri, kuzamura imikorere no kuramba. Ceramic coatings nayo itanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa no kwambara, bikaramba kuramba kwinshi. Abashinzwe ibinyabiziga bigenda bifata ceramic coating kugirango barusheho gukora neza no kwizerwa bya sisitemu.

Ibikoresho

Ibikoresho bikomatanya byerekana ubundi buryo bushya muburyo bwo gushushanya ibintu byinshi. Ibi bikoresho bihuza ibintu bitandukanye kugirango bigere ku buringanire bwimbaraga, uburemere, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Kurugero, karubone fibre ikora itanga imbaraga nyinshi-kuburemere, bigatuma biba byiza mubikorwa. Gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi birashobora kugabanya cyane uburemere bwimyuka myinshi, biganisha ku kunoza imikorere yimodoka no kuyitwara. UwitekaFluidForming Yoroheje YumutiUmunaniro wa Manifold Kwigayerekanye uburyo bwiza bwo gusimbuza ibyuma biremereye cyane hamwe nicyuma cyoroheje kitagira umuyonga, kigaragaza ibyiza byibikoresho bigezweho mubuhanga bwimodoka.

Gushushanya Udushya

Impinduka za Geometrie

Impinduka zitandukanye za geometrie (VGM) zerekana udushya twiza mugushushanya kwinshi. VGMs ihindura imiterere nuburebure bwimiyoboro myinshi ishingiye kumikorere ya moteri. Ihindagurika ry’imihindagurikire y’imyuka ya gaze, kugabanya umuvuduko no kongera imikorere ya moteri. VGMs irashobora kunoza imikorere ya lisansi no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ikomeza imbaraga zumuriro mwinshi muburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara. Abakora ibinyabiziga bagenda bashakisha VGM kugirango bubahirize amabwiriza akomeye y’ibyuka bihumanya.

Guhindura Catalitike Yihinduranya

Kwinjiza catalitike ihindura muburyo butaziguye itanga ibyiza byinshi. Igishushanyo kigabanya intera imyuka isohora ingendo mbere yo kugera kuri catalitiki ihindura, kunoza imikorere yo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya. Guhindura catalitike ihindura ifasha kugera ku mucyo wihuse, kugabanya imyuka itangira. Uku kwishyira hamwe kandi koroshya imiterere ya sisitemu yo gusohora, kugabanya uburemere no kugorana. Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho ubu zirimo guhuza catalitike ihindura ibipimo by ibidukikije mugihe ikomeza gukora neza.

Isesengura ryerekana uruhare rukomeye rwibishushanyo mbonera no guhitamo ibikoresho mugutezimbere imikorere ya moteri no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya. Ibyingenzi byingenzi byerekana ko ibikoresho byateye imbere nkibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe nubutaka bwa ceramic byongera igihe kirekire kandi neza. Gushushanya udushya nka geometrie ihindagurika hamwe na catalitike ihinduranya byongera ingufu za peteroli no kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya.

Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga kandiguhindura ibyo abaguzi bakundagutwara ingaruka zikomeye mubikorwa byimodoka.Sisitemu ikora nezan'imikorere yo gutwara irashobora kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bigira uruhare mukubungabunga ibidukikije. Ubushakashatsi bw'ejo hazaza bugomba kwibanda ku guteza imbere ibikoresho byoroheje n'ibishushanyo mbonera kugira ngo bihuze n'ibisabwa bigenda bihinduka.