Ukusebenza okungafunekiyo: ukuphuma kunye nohlalutyo lwemveliso yamandla

Ukuqonda i-enhaolds

Iindidi zokuphumelela

Hlamba i-iron velolds

I-Iron i-Iron Avemolds ibonelela ngokufana kunye nokusebenza ngendleko. Ezi zithuba zininzi zineqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo kwaye lixhathise ukuqhekeka. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima babo obunzima bunokuchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwezithuthi. I-Conse i-Iron velolds ihlala ivela kwiimodeli zezithuthi ezindala okanye ezihlaziyiweyo.

I-Stails yensimbi yensimbi

I-Stainess yensimbi ibonelela ngolungelelwano phakathi kwamandla kunye nobunzima. Ezi zinto ziphindwe kwangaphambili ukusichasa ukungathobeki nokugcina ingqibelelo phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ubunzima obukhanyayo bensimbi ephucukileyo engaqhelekanga iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwesithuthi ngokubanzi. Iimoto ezininzi zanamhlanje zisebenzisa i-stainess yensimbi yokuphucula intsebenzo.

I-tublar velolds

I-tublar i-tublalds, ikwabizwa ngokuba zizihloko, zibandakanya imibhobho nganye nganye yesilinda nganye. Le mibhobho idibana kumqokeleli omnye. I-tublar i-prooldUkuhamba kwegesikunye nokuncitshiswa kweliso. Inzondelelo yentsebenzo ihlala ithanda i-tublar i-tubruld yokukwazi kwabo ukukhulisa iziphumo zamandla.

Umsebenzi kunye noyilo

Indima kwi-Injini yokuSebenza

Ukuphelisa i-inteold kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-injini. Uyilo olufanelekileyo luqinisekisa ukuphuma kwegesi engapheliyo kwi-enjini kwi-injini yenkqubo yokuphelisa. Ukuhamba kweegesi okusebenzayo kunciphisa ukubuyela umva, okuphucula i-injini yokuSebenza kunye noqoqosho lweflethi. Ukuphelisa i-inteun ikwanceda ukuba kungakwazi ukusebenzisa amaqondo obushushu enjini ngokukhokela igesi eshushu kude kwibhloko ye-injini.

Ukuqwalaselwa koyilo

Ukupheliswa kwe-inteuld eninzi kubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa okuphambili okuphambili. Iinjineli kufuneka zinikezele ngemilo kunye nobude bemibhobho emininzi. Ubude be-pipe efanelekileyo kunye nobubanzi bokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegesi kwaye unciphise isiphithiphithi. I-Inteusmold kufuneka ifane ne-injini ye-injini ngaphandle kokuphazamisana nezinye izinto. Ukongeza, uyilo kufuneka luququzelele ukufakwa okulula kunye nokugcinwa kwayo.

Ukukhetha izinto

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kokupheliswa kwamandla. Izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuthathela ingqalelo uxinzelelo lwe-thermal kunye noomatshini. Yenza i-iron, intsimbi engenasinveni, imilo nganye inikezela ngezibonelelo ezizodwa. I-iron yentsimbi ibonelela ngokuqina, ngelixa intsimbi engenanto inika ibhalansi yamandla kunye nobunzima. I-tublar i-tublalds yandisa intsebenzo ngokuhamba kwegesi. Iinjineli kufuneka zikhethe izinto ezifanelekileyo ezisekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zemoto.

Uhlalutyo lokukhupha

Iintlobo zokukhutshwa

I-carbon monoxide (CO)

Iifom ze-carbon monoxide ngexesha lokudibana okungaphelelanga kwepetroli. Le irhasi ibeka umngcipheko wempilo obalulekileyo, kubandakanya intloko kunye nesiyezi. Ukuphelisa i-istald imele ukuba itshaneli efanelekileyo yokuphelisa igesi ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-com. Uyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni i-CAQES.

I-Hydrocarbons (HC)

I-Hydrocarbhlos ivela kwi-piel enganyangekiyo ibaleka igumbi lokudibana. Ezi zixhobo zematshi zinegalelo kwi-SMGG kunye nemiba yokuphefumla. Impembelelo yoyilo luka-Estuald yeZithuba ze-injini yokutshisa ipetroli ngokupheleleyo. Uyilo olubekiweyo lunceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-HC ngokuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngegesi.

I-Nitrogen Oxidas (Nox)

I-Nitrogen Oxiides kwiqondo lobushushu ephezulu. Ezi gesi zibangela iingxaki zokusingqongileyo kunye nezempilo, kubandakanya ne-acidi yemvula kunye nezifo zokuphefumla. Impembelelo yokuphelisa i-NE-NE-NE-NE-NOX ukukhutshwa kweqondo lobushushu. Uyilo olusebenzayo lunceda ukugcina amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa kwe-nox.

Impembelelo yokuphelisa i-ensuold kwi-ekhrissions

Yiloyikisa impembelelo

Uyilo lwezinto ezinqabileyo ezichaphazela ngqo ukukhutshwa. I-sundold eyilelwe kakuhle iqinisekisa ukuhamba ngegesi egudileyo, ukunciphisa ukubuyela umva kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Izifundo zibonisa ukubaUyilo olukhalisiweyo lwandisa intsebenzo by ukwehlisa umva. Ukuphuculwa kokuhamba kwegesi kukhokelela ekukhutshweni kwe-CO, HC, kunye no-Nox.

Impembelelo yezinto ezibonakalayo

Ukukhethwa kwezinto ichaphazela kakhulu intsebenzo yokuphelisa.Khupha i-iron kunye nentsimbi engenantozizixhobo eziqhelekileyo ezakhiwo. I-iron i-iron ibonelela ngokuqina kodwa inokunyusa ubunzima. Intsimbi engenasimo inika ibhalansi phakathi kwamandla kunye nobunzima, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Zombini ezi zinto kufuneka zijolise ekucinezeleni nge-thermal kunye noomatshini ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa.

Ulawulo lobushushu

Ulawulo lobushushu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukukhutshwa. Ukuphelisa i-inteuld i-istald kufuneka ichithe ubushushu ukuze kuthintelwe amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu akhokelela kwi-nox eyongezelelweyo ye-nox. Ulawulo lobushushu olusebenzayo lunceda ukugcina amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ukukhutshwa kweNox. Izinto eziphezulu kunye neengubo zinokuphucula ngakumbi amandla amaninzi okulawula ubushushu.

Uhlalutyo lwemveliso yamandla

Izinto ezichaphazela iziphumo zombane

I-Dynamics yokuphumla

I-Dynamics yokuhamba-hamba idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweinjini. Uyilo lwezinto ezinqabileyo eziphelileyo zinefuthe ngokuthe ngqo indlela ezihlekisayo zokuphelisa ukuphuma kwegesi. I-fumoold eyilelwe kakuhle iqinisekisa ukuhamba okugudileyo kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwegesi, ukunciphisa isiphithiphithi. Oku kukhokelela ekuphuculeni iziphumo zokuphefumla nokuphucula amandla. Iinjineli zihlala zinceda ubume kunye nobude bemibhobho ye-Insold ukuze ufezekise iimpawu ezichanekileyo zokuhamba.

Ukubuyela umva

Ukubuyela umva kubhekisa ekuxhathisweni okuphelisa i-gases yegesi egxekayo njengoko bephuma kwi-injini. Ukubuyela umva okuphezulu kunokuthintela ukusebenza kwenjini ngokuthintela ukuhamba okuphezulu. Intsebenzo yokuphelisa iintloko zentlokoukwehla ukunganyangeki, ngaloo ndlela kukhulisa ukusebenza kwe-injini. Ukubuyela umva kuvumela i-injini ekugxothweni igesi i-Gases ngokufanelekileyo, ekhokelela kwingeniso yemveliso yamandla. Iisandise isandaUyilo luhlala lugxile ekunciphiseni i-backprespres yokukhulisa ukusebenza kwenjini.

Ukugcinwa kobushushu

Ukugcinwa kobushushu ngaphakathi kokupheliswa kwe-injini yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nemveliso yamandla. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo bunokukhokelela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okuhlamba, anokunciphisa ukusebenza kwenjini. Ulawulo lobushushu olusebenzayo lunceda ukugcina amaqondo obushushu asebenzayo. Izixhobo eziphambili kunye neengubo zakhiwo ngokwakha i-Intenold zinokuphucula ukungavisisani kobushushu. Ukugcinwa kobushushu obuchanekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-injini isebenza ngaphakathi kuluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo, lukhulisa iziphumo zamandla.

Uvavanyo lwentsebenzo

Uvavanyo lweDyno

Uvavanyo lwe-Dyno lubonelela ngendawo elawulwayo yokulinganisa intsebenzo yokuphelisa i-enhald. Iinjineli zisebenzisa i-Dynamometer yokulinganisa iimeko zokuqhuba zangempela zehlabathi. Le ndlela yovavanyo ivavanya ifuthe lezinto ezikhoyo kwiziphumo zamandla, iTorque, kunye nokuSebenzela iPheni. Uvavanyo lwe-Dyno lubonelela ngedatha echanekileyo, evumayo iinjineli ukuba zenze izigqibo ezizizo malunga noyilo oluninzi kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto.

Uvavanyo lweHlabathi lweHlabathi

Ukuvavanywa kokwenyani yovavanyo lwe-Dyno lwe-dyno ngokuvavanya ukuphononongwa kwamathuba phantsi kweemeko zokuqhuba. Iinjineli zivavanya ukuba i-MAPONORD iqhuba njani kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengokuqhuba iSixeko, ukuhamba ngendlela ephakamileyo, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukukhawulezisa. Uvavanyo lweHlabathi lweHlabathi lunceda ekuchongeni nayiphi na imiba enokubakho enokuvela kwindawo elawulwayo. Le ndlela ebandayo iqinisekisa ukuba i-inteun eninzi ihambisa intsebenzo engaguqukiyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba.

Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa

Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa lubandakanya ukuvavanya uyilo olwahlukileyo olungapheliyo ukufumanisa ifuthe labo kwiziphumo zamandla. Iinjineli zithelekisa izinto ezinokuphelisa ukuhamba kokuhamba kwamandla, ukubuyela umva, kunye nokugcina ubushushu. Olu hlalutyo lunceda ukuba lolona kuyilo olusebenzayo lokuphucula ukusebenza kwenjini. Ngokuthelekisa iinjineli ezahlukeneyo, iinjineli zinokubonisa amandla kunye nobuthathaka boyilo ngalunye. Le nkqubo ikhokelela ekuphuculeni okuqhubekayo kunye nokuyila kwitekhnoloji yokuphelisa itekhnoloji eninzi.

Izinto ezintsha kunye nexesha elizayo

Izinto eziphambili

I-Ceramic Proat

Ikhredithi ye-ceramic ivele njengenkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwitekhnoloji yokuphelisa. Ezi zigquma zibonelela ngokufakwa kobushushu obuqaqambileyo, ukunciphisa ukutshintshwa kobushushu kwizinto ezijikelezileyo. Oku kuncitshiswa kunceda ukugcina amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo enjini, enyusa intsebenzo kunye nobomi obude. Iingubo ze-ceramic zibonelela ngokuchaseneyo nokungaxhathisi okuphezulu kukungakhathali nokunxiba, ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwento yokupheliswa. Iinjineli ze-AutoMotive ziyahlulelana ne-ceramic caraats ukuphucula ukusebenza nokuthembeka kweenkqubo zokuphelisa.

Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo

Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zimele enye indlela entsha yokufumana uyilo olungathethekiyo. Ezi zixhobo zidibanisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokufezekisa ibhalansi yamandla, ubunzima, kunye nokuxhathisa ubushushu. Umzekelo, izihlunu ze-carbon ze-carbon ze-carbon zibonelela ngamandla aphezulu-ukuya kwimizimba, ibetha ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo zomsebenzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiweyo kunokukunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bokupheliswa kwesithuba, kukhokelela ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwesithuthi kunye nokuphatha. IIntsimbi engenaloIsifundo seNqanaba eliphakamileyoibonakalise ukutshintshwa okuphumeleleyo kwe-Iron ende i-Iron enesitayile esikhanyayo, ibalaselisa izibonelelo zezixhobo eziphambili zobunjineli bezithuthi.

Yilo

I-jometry eyahlukileyo

I-Geometry eguqukayo i-jometrys I-VGMS ilungisa ubume kunye nobude bemibhobho ye-Insold ngokusekwe kwiimeko zokusebenza zenjini. Olu guquko lukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegesi yokuhamba ngegesi, ukunciphisa ukubuyela umva kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwenjini. I-VGMS inokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-oyile kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa ngokugcina i-gonamics engapheliyo kwimigca eyahlukeneyo yokuqhuba. Abavelisi be-automotive baqhubekile ngokukhula i-vgms ukuba bafezekise imigaqo yokuphuma kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi.

Abaguquli abahlanganisiweyo

Ukudibanisa abaguquli benkcitho ngokuthe ngqo kwi-istald eninzi inika izibonelelo ezininzi. Le ndlela uyilo inciphisa umgama ohamba igesi ekhulayo ngaphambi kokufikelela kumlungisi we-catalytic, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwempumelelo kolawulo lokuphuma. Abaguquli abahlanganisiweyo abahlanganisiweyo banceda ekufezekiseni amaxesha athile okukhanyayo, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kubanda. Lo mdibaniso lukwenza lula ubume benkqubo yokuphelisa, ukunciphisa ubunzima kunye nobunzima. Izithuthi ezininzi zale mihla ngoku zidityanisiwe abaguqukayo abaguquguqukiyo ukuze bahlangabezane nemilinganiselo yokusingqongileyo ngelixa ugcina intsebenzo ephezulu.

Uhlalutyo luqaqambisa indima enkulu yoyilo olungaphezulu kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto ekusebenzeni kwe-injini yokusebenza kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa. Iziphumo eziphambili zibonisa ukuba izinto eziphambili ze-Advanced ezifana ne-stails yentsimbi engenasinyithi kunye ne-ceramic ireyitha yokuqina kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Yila i-Innovations efana neJomemetry eguqukayo kunye nabaguquli abahlanganisiweyo abahlanganisiweyo Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-Pull kunye nolawulo lokuphuma.

Ukuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa kunyeUkutshintsha kwabathengiukuqhuba iimpembelelo ezibalulekileyo kumzi mveliso wemoto.Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuphelisaKwaye iindlela zokuqhuba zinokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezithuthi, kubandakanya ukuzinza kwendalo. Uphando lwexesha elizayo kufuneka lujolise kwizixhobo ezikhanyayo kunye noyilo olunobuchule bokuhlangabezana nolawulo lwezinto zokugcina kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi.